Risk Number - Determining and objectively assessing environmental damage on marble and sandstone sculptures

Entscheidungen zu Konservierungsfragen an Parkfiguren aus Marmor und Sandstein werden bis heute im Dialog zwischen Eigentümer, Denkmalpfleger, Restaurator und Fachgutachtern getroffen. Die Bewertung von Schäden erfolgt durch rein qualitative und subjektive Begriffe wie „stark“, „gravierend“ oder „bedrohlich“. Die Konzept Risikoziffer verfolgt den Ansatz, die qualitativ, subjektiven Begriffe durch quantitative, objektive Messzahlen zu ersetzen. Zu diesem Zweck werden die messtechnischen Inhalte von Untersuchungen ausgewertet und durch Normierung auf Bezugsgrößen in Zahlenwerte zwischen Null und Eins umgewandelt. Als Endergebnis der Berechnungen steht eine einzige Zahl, die Risikoziffer, mit der der Gesamtzustand und die Gefährdung der Skulptur ausgedrückt werden. Diese Zahl liegt immer zwischen Null und Eins, entsprechend Null oder 100 % Risiko, so dass das Risiko von Skulpturen in einem Parkensemble direkt miteinander verglichen werden kann. Die Risikoziffer verhilft Entscheidungsträgern zu objektiv prüfbaren Entscheidungen. Sie ist auch für das Monitoring von Skulpturenbeständen im Freien geeignet.Until now decisions how to preserve marble and sandstone garden sculpture are generally made in agreement with the owner, conservator, restorer and scientific expert. Most commonly qualitative and subjective terms such as “heavy”, “essential and “dangerous” are used to describe and assess the damage phenomena. It is the aim of the concept “Risk Number” to replace these terms by quantitative and objective figures which are based on measurements. For this purpose the data compiled in expert reports are evaluated and transformed into figures between Zero and One by scaling them against the properties of identical fresh stone. The result of the calculation is one single number, the so-called “Risk Number” which is able to express the overall condition and risk factor of a sculpture. The “Risk Number” always lies between Zero and One, corresponding to 0 and 100 % risk. Thus garden sculptures in a great ensemble can easily be compared with each other to select the most endangered ones. The “Risk Number” will help making objective and verifiable decisions. It is also appropriate for long-term monitoring of sculpture collections in parks and gardens

Joint Blind Motion Deblurring and Depth Estimation of Light Field

Removing camera motion blur from a single light field is a challenging task since it is highly ill-posed inverse problem. The problem becomes even worse when blur kernel varies spatially due to scene depth variation and high-order camera motion. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to estimate all blur model variables jointly, including latent sub-aperture image, camera motion, and scene depth from the blurred 4D light field. Exploiting multi-view nature of a light field relieves the inverse property of the optimization by utilizing strong depth cues and multi-view blur observation. The proposed joint estimation achieves high quality light field deblurring and depth estimation simultaneously under arbitrary 6-DOF camera motion and unconstrained scene depth. Intensive experiment on real and synthetic blurred light field confirms that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art light field deblurring and depth estimation methods

Minimizing Total Delay in Fixed-Time Controlled Traffic Networks

We present two different approaches to minimize total delay in signalized fixed-time controlled inner city traffic networks. Firstly, we develop a time discrete model where all calculations are done pathwise and vehicles move on "time trajectories" on their routes. Secondly, an idea by Gartner, Little, and Gabbay is extended to a continuous, linkwise operating model using "Link Performance Functions" to determine delays. Both models are formulated as mixed-integer linear programs and are compared and evaluated by PTV AG's simulation tool VISSIM 3.70

Traffic Networks and Flows Over Time

In view of the steadily growing car traffic and the limited capacity of our street networks, we are facing a situation where methods for better traffic management are becoming more and more important. Studies show that an individual „blind“ choice of routes leads to travel times that are between 6 % and 19 % longer than necessary. On the other hand, telematics and sensory devices are providing or will shortly provide detailed information about the actual trafficfows, thus making available the necessary data to employ better means of trafficc management. Traffic management and route guidance are optimization problems by nature. We want to utilize the available street network in such a way that the total network „load“ is minimized or the „throughput“ is maximized. This article deals with the mathematical aspects of these optimization problems from the viewpoint of network flow theory

Conflict-free Real-time AGV Routing

In automated logistic systems Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are used for transportation tasks. To deal with the interaction in such an AGV system one needs efficient and intelligent routing on the one hand and collision avoidance on the other. Obviously, AGV routing is an online routing problem (nothing is known about future requests) and even a real-time problem, because fast answers are required. A route should be computed in less than a second

Dynamic Routing of Automated Guided Vehicles in Real-time

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are state-of-the-art technology for optimizing large scale production systems and are used in a wide range of application areas. A standard task in this context is to find efficient routing schemes, i.e., algorithms that route these vehicles through the particular environment. The productivity of the AGVs is highly dependent on the used routing scheme. In this work we study a particular routing algorithm for AGVs in an automated logistic system. For the evaluation of our algorithm we focus on Container Terminal Altenwerder~(CTA) at Hamburg Harbor. However, our model is appropriate for an arbitrary graph. The key feature of this algorithm is that it avoids collisions, deadlocks and livelocks already at the time of route computation (conflict-free routing), whereas standard approaches deal with these problems only at the execution time of the routes. In addition, the algorithm considers physical properties of the AGVs and certain safety aspects implied by the particular application

Fallbasierte Arbeit zu Fragen inklusiver Bildung. Eine universitätsübergreifende digitale Kooperation von Studierenden des allgemeinen und sonderpädagogischen Lehramtes

Der Beitrag stellt eine universitätsübergreifende digitale Fallarbeit zur inklusiven Bildung vor. Diese wurde als Kooperation des allgemeinen und des sonderpädagogischen Lehramts im Sommersemester 2020 und 2021 an der RWTH Aachen University und der Leibniz Universität Hannover durchgeführt. Auf Basis von Interviewmaterial aus dem BMBF-Verbundprojekt „Reflexion, Leistung und Inklusion“ und eingebunden in das Programm DiLINK fokussiert die Fallarbeit das Rausgehen als Phänomen der leistungsbezogenen äußeren Differenzierung aus Sicht von Schüler:innen der Sekundarstufe I. Die digitale Fallarbeit umfasst in Verbindung mit einer Phase des Selbststudiums die Arbeit in hochschulübergreifenden studentischen Kleingruppen, um die aktive Beteiligung der Studierenden zu unterstützen. Der Beitrag gewährt in Verbindung mit einer zusammenfassenden Darstellung der Konzeption und Erprobung einen Einblick in die konkreten Erfahrungen einer Teilnehmerin. Zudem werden anschließende Fragen der Kooperation über die Distanz diskutiert. (DIPF/Orig.

CHORUS Deliverable 2.2: Second report - identification of multi-disciplinary key issues for gap analysis toward EU multimedia search engines roadmap

After addressing the state-of-the-art during the first year of Chorus and establishing the existing landscape in multimedia search engines, we have identified and analyzed gaps within European research effort during our second year. In this period we focused on three directions, notably technological issues, user-centred issues and use-cases and socio- economic and legal aspects. These were assessed by two central studies: firstly, a concerted vision of functional breakdown of generic multimedia search engine, and secondly, a representative use-cases descriptions with the related discussion on requirement for technological challenges. Both studies have been carried out in cooperation and consultation with the community at large through EC concertation meetings (multimedia search engines cluster), several meetings with our Think-Tank, presentations in international conferences, and surveys addressed to EU projects coordinators as well as National initiatives coordinators. Based on the obtained feedback we identified two types of gaps, namely core technological gaps that involve research challenges, and “enablers”, which are not necessarily technical research challenges, but have impact on innovation progress. New socio-economic trends are presented as well as emerging legal challenges

Zurich Consensus: Statement of German Experts on St. Gallen Conference 2011 on Primary Breast Cancer (Zurich 2011)

Every 2 years, the International Consensus Conference on the Treatment of Primary Breast Cancer takes place in St. Gallen. Given that the concept of the St. Gallen Consensus Conference mainly reflects an international opinion, it appears useful to adapt the results of the vote for everyday therapy in Germany. A German working group comprising 28 breast cancer experts, amongst whom there are 3 members of the international St. Gallen panel, has therefore commented on this year's St. Gallen Consensus Conference (2011) from the German viewpoint. The focus of interest of this year's St. Gallen Conference was tumour biology as the starting point for decisions regarding individual therapy. There was an intensive discussion in relation to the clinical relevance of predictive and prognostic factors and possible consequences for decisions regarding therapy. Therefore, questions concerning the indication for adjuvant chemotherapy focused especially on the significance of the molecular phenotype of the tumour. In addition, important points for discussion were also the value of complete axillary dissection and the use of accelerated complete breast irradiation